safety ci
[physik/posic.git] / moldyn.c
index 08901c7..c25fed3 100644 (file)
--- a/moldyn.c
+++ b/moldyn.c
  *
  */
 
-#include "moldyn.h"
-
+#define _GNU_SOURCE
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include <math.h>
 
-#include "math/math.h"
-#include "init/init.h"
-#include "random/random.h"
-#include "visual/visual.h"
+#include "moldyn.h"
+
+int moldyn_init(t_moldyn *moldyn,int argc,char **argv) {
+
+       memset(moldyn,0,sizeof(t_moldyn));
+
+       rand_init(&(moldyn->random),NULL,1);
+       moldyn->random.status|=RAND_STAT_VERBOSE;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int moldyn_shutdown(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       printf("[moldyn] shutdown\n");
+       moldyn_log_shutdown(moldyn);
+       link_cell_shutdown(moldyn);
+       rand_close(&(moldyn->random));
+       free(moldyn->atom);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_int_alg(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 algo) {
+
+       switch(algo) {
+               case MOLDYN_INTEGRATE_VERLET:
+                       moldyn->integrate=velocity_verlet;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       printf("unknown integration algorithm: %02x\n",algo);
+                       return -1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_cutoff(t_moldyn *moldyn,double cutoff) {
+
+       moldyn->cutoff=cutoff;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_temperature(t_moldyn *moldyn,double t_ref) {
+
+       moldyn->t_ref=t_ref;
 
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_pressure(t_moldyn *moldyn,double p_ref) {
+
+       moldyn->p_ref=p_ref;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_pt_scale(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 ptype,double ptc,u8 ttype,double ttc) {
+
+       moldyn->pt_scale=(ptype|ttype);
+       moldyn->t_tc=ttc;
+       moldyn->p_tc=ptc;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_dim(t_moldyn *moldyn,double x,double y,double z,u8 visualize) {
+
+       moldyn->dim.x=x;
+       moldyn->dim.y=y;
+       moldyn->dim.z=z;
+
+       moldyn->volume=x*y*z;
 
-int create_lattice(unsigned char type,int element,double mass,double lc,
-                   int a,int b,int c,t_atom **atom) {
+       if(visualize) {
+               moldyn->vis.dim.x=x;
+               moldyn->vis.dim.y=y;
+               moldyn->vis.dim.z=z;
+       }
+
+       printf("[moldyn] dimensions in A and A^3 respectively:\n");
+       printf("  x: %f\n",moldyn->dim.x);
+       printf("  y: %f\n",moldyn->dim.y);
+       printf("  z: %f\n",moldyn->dim.z);
+       printf("  volume: %f\n",moldyn->volume);
+       printf("  visualize simulation box: %s\n",visualize?"on":"off");
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_nn_dist(t_moldyn *moldyn,double dist) {
+
+       moldyn->nnd=dist;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_pbc(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 x,u8 y,u8 z) {
+
+       if(x)
+               moldyn->status|=MOLDYN_STAT_PBX;
+
+       if(y)
+               moldyn->status|=MOLDYN_STAT_PBY;
+
+       if(z)
+               moldyn->status|=MOLDYN_STAT_PBZ;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_potential1b(t_moldyn *moldyn,pf_func1b func,void *params) {
+
+       moldyn->func1b=func;
+       moldyn->pot1b_params=params;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_potential2b(t_moldyn *moldyn,pf_func2b func,void *params) {
+
+       moldyn->func2b=func;
+       moldyn->pot2b_params=params;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_potential2b_post(t_moldyn *moldyn,pf_func2b_post func,void *params) {
+
+       moldyn->func2b_post=func;
+       moldyn->pot2b_params=params;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int set_potential3b(t_moldyn *moldyn,pf_func3b func,void *params) {
+
+       moldyn->func3b=func;
+       moldyn->pot3b_params=params;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int moldyn_set_log_dir(t_moldyn *moldyn,char *dir) {
+
+       strncpy(moldyn->vlsdir,dir,127);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+       
+int moldyn_set_log(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 type,int timer) {
+
+       char filename[128];
+       int ret;
+
+       switch(type) {
+               case LOG_TOTAL_ENERGY:
+                       moldyn->ewrite=timer;
+                       snprintf(filename,127,"%s/energy",moldyn->vlsdir);
+                       moldyn->efd=open(filename,
+                                        O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,
+                                        S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
+                       if(moldyn->efd<0) {
+                               perror("[moldyn] energy log fd open");
+                               return moldyn->efd;
+                       }
+                       dprintf(moldyn->efd,"# total energy log file\n");
+                       break;
+               case LOG_TOTAL_MOMENTUM:
+                       moldyn->mwrite=timer;
+                       snprintf(filename,127,"%s/momentum",moldyn->vlsdir);
+                       moldyn->mfd=open(filename,
+                                        O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_EXCL,
+                                        S_IRUSR|S_IWUSR);
+                       if(moldyn->mfd<0) {
+                               perror("[moldyn] momentum log fd open");
+                               return moldyn->mfd;
+                       }
+                       dprintf(moldyn->efd,"# total momentum log file\n");
+                       break;
+               case SAVE_STEP:
+                       moldyn->swrite=timer;
+                       break;
+               case VISUAL_STEP:
+                       moldyn->vwrite=timer;
+                       ret=visual_init(&(moldyn->vis),moldyn->vlsdir);
+                       if(ret<0) {
+                               printf("[moldyn] visual init failure\n");
+                               return ret;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       printf("[moldyn] unknown log mechanism: %02x\n",type);
+                       return -1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int moldyn_log_shutdown(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       printf("[moldyn] log shutdown\n");
+       if(moldyn->efd) close(moldyn->efd);
+       if(moldyn->mfd) close(moldyn->mfd);
+       if(&(moldyn->vis)) visual_tini(&(moldyn->vis));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * creating lattice functions
+ */
+
+int create_lattice(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 type,double lc,int element,double mass,
+                   u8 attr,u8 bnum,int a,int b,int c) {
 
        int count;
        int ret;
@@ -26,11 +238,13 @@ int create_lattice(unsigned char type,int element,double mass,double lc,
 
        count=a*b*c;
 
+       /* how many atoms do we expect */
        if(type==FCC) count*=4;
        if(type==DIAMOND) count*=8;
 
-       *atom=malloc(count*sizeof(t_atom));
-       if(*atom==NULL) {
+       /* allocate space for atoms */
+       moldyn->atom=malloc(count*sizeof(t_atom));
+       if(moldyn->atom==NULL) {
                perror("malloc (atoms)");
                return -1;
        }
@@ -39,10 +253,10 @@ int create_lattice(unsigned char type,int element,double mass,double lc,
 
        switch(type) {
                case FCC:
-                       ret=fcc_init(a,b,c,lc,*atom,&origin);
+                       ret=fcc_init(a,b,c,lc,moldyn->atom,&origin);
                        break;
                case DIAMOND:
-                       ret=diamond_init(a,b,c,lc,*atom,&origin);
+                       ret=diamond_init(a,b,c,lc,moldyn->atom,&origin);
                        break;
                default:
                        printf("unknown lattice type (%02x)\n",type);
@@ -51,29 +265,148 @@ int create_lattice(unsigned char type,int element,double mass,double lc,
 
        /* debug */
        if(ret!=count) {
-               printf("ok, there is something wrong ...\n");
-               printf("calculated -> %d atoms\n",count);
-               printf("created -> %d atoms\n",ret);
+               printf("[moldyn] creating lattice failed\n");
+               printf("  amount of atoms\n");
+               printf("  - expected: %d\n",count);
+               printf("  - created: %d\n",ret);
                return -1;
        }
 
+       moldyn->count=count;
+       printf("[moldyn] created lattice with %d atoms\n",count);
+
        while(count) {
-               (*atom)[count-1].element=element;
-               (*atom)[count-1].mass=mass;
                count-=1;
+               moldyn->atom[count].element=element;
+               moldyn->atom[count].mass=mass;
+               moldyn->atom[count].attr=attr;
+               moldyn->atom[count].bnum=bnum;
+               check_per_bound(moldyn,&(moldyn->atom[count].r));
        }
 
        return ret;
 }
 
-int destroy_lattice(t_atom *atom) {
+/* fcc lattice init */
+int fcc_init(int a,int b,int c,double lc,t_atom *atom,t_3dvec *origin) {
+
+       int count;
+       int i,j;
+       t_3dvec o,r,n;
+       t_3dvec basis[3];
+       double help[3];
+       double x,y,z;
+
+       x=a*lc;
+       y=b*lc;
+       z=c*lc;
+
+       if(origin) v3_copy(&o,origin);
+       else v3_zero(&o);
+
+       /* construct the basis */
+       for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
+               for(j=0;j<3;j++) {
+                       if(i!=j) help[j]=0.5*lc;
+                       else help[j]=.0;
+               }
+               v3_set(&basis[i],help);
+       }
+
+       v3_zero(&r);
+       count=0;
+       
+       /* fill up the room */
+       r.x=o.x;
+       while(r.x<x) {
+               r.y=o.y;
+               while(r.y<y) {
+                       r.z=o.z;
+                       while(r.z<z) {
+                               v3_copy(&(atom[count].r),&r);
+                               atom[count].element=1;
+                               count+=1;
+                               for(i=0;i<3;i++) {
+                                       v3_add(&n,&r,&basis[i]);
+                                       if((n.x<x+o.x)&&
+                                          (n.y<y+o.y)&&
+                                          (n.z<z+o.z)) {
+                                               v3_copy(&(atom[count].r),&n);
+                                               count+=1;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                               r.z+=lc;        
+                       }
+                       r.y+=lc;
+               }
+               r.x+=lc;
+       }
+
+       /* coordinate transformation */
+       help[0]=x/2.0;
+       help[1]=y/2.0;
+       help[2]=z/2.0;
+       v3_set(&n,help);
+       for(i=0;i<count;i++)
+               v3_sub(&(atom[i].r),&(atom[i].r),&n);
+               
+       return count;
+}
+
+int diamond_init(int a,int b,int c,double lc,t_atom *atom,t_3dvec *origin) {
+
+       int count;
+       t_3dvec o;
+
+       count=fcc_init(a,b,c,lc,atom,origin);
+
+       o.x=0.25*lc;
+       o.y=0.25*lc;
+       o.z=0.25*lc;
+
+       if(origin) v3_add(&o,&o,origin);
+
+       count+=fcc_init(a,b,c,lc,&atom[count],&o);
+
+       return count;
+}
+
+int add_atom(t_moldyn *moldyn,int element,double mass,u8 bnum,u8 attr,
+             t_3dvec *r,t_3dvec *v) {
+
+       t_atom *atom;
+       void *ptr;
+       int count;
+       
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       count=++(moldyn->count);
+
+       ptr=realloc(atom,count*sizeof(t_atom));
+       if(!ptr) {
+               perror("[moldyn] realloc (add atom)");
+               return -1;
+       }
+       moldyn->atom=ptr;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       atom[count-1].r=*r;
+       atom[count-1].v=*v;
+       atom[count-1].element=element;
+       atom[count-1].mass=mass;
+       atom[count-1].bnum=bnum;
+       atom[count-1].attr=attr;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int destroy_atoms(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
-       if(atom) free(atom);
+       if(moldyn->atom) free(moldyn->atom);
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-int thermal_init(t_atom *atom,t_random *random,int count,double t) {
+int thermal_init(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 equi_init) {
 
        /*
         * - gaussian distribution of velocities
@@ -84,11 +417,16 @@ int thermal_init(t_atom *atom,t_random *random,int count,double t) {
        int i;
        double v,sigma;
        t_3dvec p_total,delta;
+       t_atom *atom;
+       t_random *random;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       random=&(moldyn->random);
 
        /* gaussian distribution of velocities */
        v3_zero(&p_total);
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
-               sigma=sqrt(2.0*K_BOLTZMANN*t/atom[i].mass);
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++) {
+               sigma=sqrt(2.0*K_BOLTZMANN*moldyn->t_ref/atom[i].mass);
                /* x direction */
                v=sigma*rand_get_gauss(random);
                atom[i].v.x=v;
@@ -104,72 +442,163 @@ int thermal_init(t_atom *atom,t_random *random,int count,double t) {
        }
 
        /* zero total momentum */
-       v3_scale(&p_total,&p_total,1.0/count);
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
+       v3_scale(&p_total,&p_total,1.0/moldyn->count);
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++) {
                v3_scale(&delta,&p_total,1.0/atom[i].mass);
                v3_sub(&(atom[i].v),&(atom[i].v),&delta);
        }
 
        /* velocity scaling */
-       scale_velocity(atom,count,t);
+       scale_velocity(moldyn,equi_init);
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-int scale_velocity(t_atom *atom,int count,double t) {
+int scale_velocity(t_moldyn *moldyn,u8 equi_init) {
 
        int i;
-       double e,c;
+       double e,scale;
+       t_atom *atom;
+       int count;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
 
        /*
         * - velocity scaling (E = 3/2 N k T), E: kinetic energy
         */
+
+       /* get kinetic energy / temperature & count involved atoms */
        e=0.0;
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++)
-               e+=0.5*atom[i].mass*v3_absolute_square(&(atom[i].v));
-       c=sqrt((2.0*e)/(3.0*count*K_BOLTZMANN*t));
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++)
-               v3_scale(&(atom[i].v),&(atom[i].v),(1.0/c));
+       count=0;
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++) {
+               if((equi_init&TRUE)||(atom[i].attr&ATOM_ATTR_HB)) {
+                       e+=0.5*atom[i].mass*v3_absolute_square(&(atom[i].v));
+                       count+=1;
+               }
+       }
+       if(count!=0) moldyn->t=e/(1.5*count*K_BOLTZMANN);
+       else return 0;  /* no atoms involved in scaling! */
+       
+       /* (temporary) hack for e,t = 0 */
+       if(e==0.0) {
+       moldyn->t=0.0;
+               if(moldyn->t_ref!=0.0) {
+                       thermal_init(moldyn,equi_init);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               else
+                       return 0; /* no scaling needed */
+       }
+
+
+       /* get scaling factor */
+       scale=moldyn->t_ref/moldyn->t;
+       if(equi_init&TRUE)
+               scale*=2.0;
+       else
+               if(moldyn->pt_scale&T_SCALE_BERENDSEN)
+                       scale=1.0+(scale-1.0)/moldyn->t_tc;
+       scale=sqrt(scale);
+
+       /* velocity scaling */
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++) {
+               if((equi_init&TRUE)||(atom[i].attr&ATOM_ATTR_HB))
+                       v3_scale(&(atom[i].v),&(atom[i].v),scale);
+       }
 
        return 0;
 }
 
-double get_e_kin(t_atom *atom,int count) {
+int scale_volume(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
+       t_atom *atom;
+       t_3dvec *dim,*vdim;
+       double virial,scale;
+       t_linkcell *lc;
        int i;
-       double e;
 
-       e=0.0;
-
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
-               e+=0.5*atom[i].mass*v3_absolute_square(&(atom[i].v));
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       dim=&(moldyn->dim);
+       vdim=&(moldyn->vis.dim);
+       lc=&(moldyn->lc);
+
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++)
+               virial+=v3_norm(&(atom[i].virial));
+
+printf("%f\n",virial);
+       /* get pressure from virial */
+       moldyn->p=moldyn->count*K_BOLTZMANN*moldyn->t-ONE_THIRD*virial;
+       moldyn->p/=moldyn->volume;
+printf("%f\n",moldyn->p/(ATM));
+
+       /* scale factor */
+       if(moldyn->pt_scale&P_SCALE_BERENDSEN)
+               scale=3*sqrt(1-(moldyn->p_ref-moldyn->p)/moldyn->p_tc);
+       else 
+               /* should actually never be used */
+               scale=pow(moldyn->p/moldyn->p_ref,1.0/3.0);
+
+printf("scale = %f\n",scale);
+       /* actual scaling */
+       dim->x*=scale;
+       dim->y*=scale;
+       dim->z*=scale;
+       if(vdim->x) vdim->x=dim->x;
+       if(vdim->y) vdim->y=dim->y;
+       if(vdim->z) vdim->z=dim->z;
+       moldyn->volume*=(scale*scale*scale);
+
+       /* check whether we need a new linkcell init */
+       if((dim->x/moldyn->cutoff!=lc->nx)||
+          (dim->y/moldyn->cutoff!=lc->ny)||
+          (dim->z/moldyn->cutoff!=lc->nx)) {
+               link_cell_shutdown(moldyn);
+               link_cell_init(moldyn);
        }
 
-       return e;
+       return 0;
+
+}
+
+double get_e_kin(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       int i;
+       t_atom *atom;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       moldyn->ekin=0.0;
+
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++)
+               moldyn->ekin+=0.5*atom[i].mass*v3_absolute_square(&(atom[i].v));
+
+       return moldyn->ekin;
 }
 
 double get_e_pot(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
-       return(moldyn->potential(moldyn));
+       return moldyn->energy;
 }
 
-double get_total_energy(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+double update_e_kin(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
-       double e;
+       return(get_e_kin(moldyn));
+}
 
-       e=get_e_kin(moldyn->atom,moldyn->count);
-       e+=get_e_pot(moldyn);
+double get_total_energy(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
-       return e;
+       return(moldyn->ekin+moldyn->energy);
 }
 
-t_3dvec get_total_p(t_atom *atom, int count) {
+t_3dvec get_total_p(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
        t_3dvec p,p_total;
        int i;
+       t_atom *atom;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
 
        v3_zero(&p_total);
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++) {
                v3_scale(&p,&(atom[i].v),atom[i].mass);
                v3_add(&p_total,&p_total,&p);
        }
@@ -177,6 +606,189 @@ t_3dvec get_total_p(t_atom *atom, int count) {
        return p_total;
 }
 
+double estimate_time_step(t_moldyn *moldyn,double nn_dist) {
+
+       double tau;
+
+       /* nn_dist is the nearest neighbour distance */
+
+       tau=(0.05*nn_dist*moldyn->atom[0].mass)/sqrt(3.0*K_BOLTZMANN*moldyn->t);
+
+       return tau;     
+}
+
+/*
+ * numerical tricks
+ */
+
+/* linked list / cell method */
+
+int link_cell_init(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       t_linkcell *lc;
+       int i;
+
+       lc=&(moldyn->lc);
+
+       /* partitioning the md cell */
+       lc->nx=moldyn->dim.x/moldyn->cutoff;
+       lc->x=moldyn->dim.x/lc->nx;
+       lc->ny=moldyn->dim.y/moldyn->cutoff;
+       lc->y=moldyn->dim.y/lc->ny;
+       lc->nz=moldyn->dim.z/moldyn->cutoff;
+       lc->z=moldyn->dim.z/lc->nz;
+
+       lc->cells=lc->nx*lc->ny*lc->nz;
+       lc->subcell=malloc(lc->cells*sizeof(t_list));
+
+       printf("[moldyn] initializing linked cells (%d)\n",lc->cells);
+
+       for(i=0;i<lc->cells;i++)
+               list_init_f(&(lc->subcell[i]));
+
+       link_cell_update(moldyn);
+       
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int link_cell_update(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       int count,i,j,k;
+       int nx,ny;
+       t_atom *atom;
+       t_linkcell *lc;
+       double x,y,z;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       lc=&(moldyn->lc);
+
+       nx=lc->nx;
+       ny=lc->ny;
+
+       x=moldyn->dim.x/2;
+       y=moldyn->dim.y/2;
+       z=moldyn->dim.z/2;
+
+       for(i=0;i<lc->cells;i++)
+               list_destroy_f(&(lc->subcell[i]));
+       
+       for(count=0;count<moldyn->count;count++) {
+               i=((atom[count].r.x+(moldyn->dim.x/2))/lc->x);
+               j=((atom[count].r.y+(moldyn->dim.y/2))/lc->y);
+               k=((atom[count].r.z+(moldyn->dim.z/2))/lc->z);
+               list_add_immediate_f(&(moldyn->lc.subcell[i+j*nx+k*nx*ny]),
+                                    &(atom[count]));
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int link_cell_neighbour_index(t_moldyn *moldyn,int i,int j,int k,t_list *cell) {
+
+       t_linkcell *lc;
+       int a;
+       int count1,count2;
+       int ci,cj,ck;
+       int nx,ny,nz;
+       int x,y,z;
+       u8 bx,by,bz;
+
+       lc=&(moldyn->lc);
+       nx=lc->nx;
+       ny=lc->ny;
+       nz=lc->nz;
+       count1=1;
+       count2=27;
+       a=nx*ny;
+
+       cell[0]=lc->subcell[i+j*nx+k*a];
+       for(ci=-1;ci<=1;ci++) {
+               bx=0;
+               x=i+ci;
+               if((x<0)||(x>=nx)) {
+                       x=(x+nx)%nx;
+                       bx=1;
+               }
+               for(cj=-1;cj<=1;cj++) {
+                       by=0;
+                       y=j+cj;
+                       if((y<0)||(y>=ny)) {
+                               y=(y+ny)%ny;
+                               by=1;
+                       }
+                       for(ck=-1;ck<=1;ck++) {
+                               bz=0;
+                               z=k+ck;
+                               if((z<0)||(z>=nz)) {
+                                       z=(z+nz)%nz;
+                                       bz=1;
+                               }
+                               if(!(ci|cj|ck)) continue;
+                               if(bx|by|bz) {
+                                       cell[--count2]=lc->subcell[x+y*nx+z*a];
+                               }
+                               else {
+                                       cell[count1++]=lc->subcell[x+y*nx+z*a];
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       lc->dnlc=count1;
+
+       return count1;
+}
+
+int link_cell_shutdown(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       int i;
+       t_linkcell *lc;
+
+       lc=&(moldyn->lc);
+
+       for(i=0;i<lc->nx*lc->ny*lc->nz;i++)
+               list_destroy_f(&(moldyn->lc.subcell[i]));
+
+       free(lc->subcell);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int moldyn_add_schedule(t_moldyn *moldyn,int runs,double tau) {
+
+       int count;
+       void *ptr;
+       t_moldyn_schedule *schedule;
+
+       schedule=&(moldyn->schedule);
+       count=++(schedule->content_count);
+
+       ptr=realloc(moldyn->schedule.runs,count*sizeof(int));
+       if(!ptr) {
+               perror("[moldyn] realloc (runs)");
+               return -1;
+       }
+       moldyn->schedule.runs=ptr;
+       moldyn->schedule.runs[count-1]=runs;
+
+       ptr=realloc(schedule->tau,count*sizeof(double));
+       if(!ptr) {
+               perror("[moldyn] realloc (tau)");
+               return -1;
+       }
+       moldyn->schedule.tau=ptr;
+       moldyn->schedule.tau[count-1]=tau;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int moldyn_set_schedule_hook(t_moldyn *moldyn,void *hook,void *hook_params) {
+
+       moldyn->schedule.hook=hook;
+       moldyn->schedule.hook_params=hook_params;
+       
+       return 0;
+}
 
 /*
  *
@@ -188,20 +800,124 @@ t_3dvec get_total_p(t_atom *atom, int count) {
 
 int moldyn_integrate(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
 
-       int i;
+       int i,sched;
+       unsigned int e,m,s,v;
+       t_3dvec p;
+       t_moldyn_schedule *schedule;
+       t_atom *atom;
+       int fd;
+       char dir[128];
+       double ds;
+
+       schedule=&(moldyn->schedule);
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+
+       /* initialize linked cell method */
+       link_cell_init(moldyn);
+
+       /* logging & visualization */
+       e=moldyn->ewrite;
+       m=moldyn->mwrite;
+       s=moldyn->swrite;
+       v=moldyn->vwrite;
+
+       /* sqaure of some variables */
+       moldyn->tau_square=moldyn->tau*moldyn->tau;
+       moldyn->cutoff_square=moldyn->cutoff*moldyn->cutoff;
 
        /* calculate initial forces */
-       moldyn->force(moldyn);
+       potential_force_calc(moldyn);
+
+       /* some stupid checks before we actually start calculating bullshit */
+       if(moldyn->cutoff>0.5*moldyn->dim.x)
+               printf("[moldyn] warning: cutoff > 0.5 x dim.x\n");
+       if(moldyn->cutoff>0.5*moldyn->dim.y)
+               printf("[moldyn] warning: cutoff > 0.5 x dim.y\n");
+       if(moldyn->cutoff>0.5*moldyn->dim.z)
+               printf("[moldyn] warning: cutoff > 0.5 x dim.z\n");
+       ds=0.5*atom[0].f.x*moldyn->tau_square/atom[0].mass;
+       if(ds>0.05*moldyn->nnd)
+               printf("[moldyn] warning: forces too high / tau too small!\n");
+
+       /* zero absolute time */
+       moldyn->time=0.0;
+
+       /* debugging, ignore */
+       moldyn->debug=0;
+
+       /* executing the schedule */
+       for(sched=0;sched<moldyn->schedule.content_count;sched++) {
+
+               /* setting amount of runs and finite time step size */
+               moldyn->tau=schedule->tau[sched];
+               moldyn->tau_square=moldyn->tau*moldyn->tau;
+               moldyn->time_steps=schedule->runs[sched];
+
+       /* integration according to schedule */
 
        for(i=0;i<moldyn->time_steps;i++) {
+
                /* integration step */
                moldyn->integrate(moldyn);
 
-               /* check for visualiziation */
-               // to be continued ...
-               if(!(i%100)) 
-                       visual_atoms(moldyn->visual,i*moldyn->tau,
-                                    moldyn->atom,moldyn->count);
+               /* p/t scaling */
+               if(moldyn->pt_scale&(T_SCALE_BERENDSEN|T_SCALE_DIRECT))
+                       scale_velocity(moldyn,FALSE);
+               if(moldyn->pt_scale&(P_SCALE_BERENDSEN|P_SCALE_DIRECT))
+                       scale_volume(moldyn);
+
+               /* check for log & visualization */
+               if(e) {
+                       if(!(i%e))
+                               dprintf(moldyn->efd,
+                                       "%f %f %f %f\n",
+                                       moldyn->time,update_e_kin(moldyn),
+                                       moldyn->energy,
+                                       get_total_energy(moldyn));
+               }
+               if(m) {
+                       if(!(i%m)) {
+                               p=get_total_p(moldyn);
+                               dprintf(moldyn->mfd,
+                                       "%f %f\n",moldyn->time,v3_norm(&p));
+                       }
+               }
+               if(s) {
+                       if(!(i%s)) {
+                               snprintf(dir,128,"%s/s-%07.f.save",
+                                        moldyn->vlsdir,moldyn->time);
+                               fd=open(dir,O_WRONLY|O_TRUNC|O_CREAT);
+                               if(fd<0) perror("[moldyn] save fd open");
+                               else {
+                                       write(fd,moldyn,sizeof(t_moldyn));
+                                       write(fd,moldyn->atom,
+                                             moldyn->count*sizeof(t_atom));
+                               }
+                               close(fd);
+                       }       
+               }
+               if(v) {
+                       if(!(i%v)) {
+                               visual_atoms(&(moldyn->vis),moldyn->time,
+                                            moldyn->atom,moldyn->count);
+                               printf("\rsched: %d, steps: %d, debug: %d",
+                                      sched,i,moldyn->debug);
+                               fflush(stdout);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* increase absolute time */
+               moldyn->time+=moldyn->tau;
+
+       }
+
+               /* check for hooks */
+               if(schedule->hook)
+                       schedule->hook(moldyn,schedule->hook_params);
+
+               /* get a new info line */
+               printf("\n");
+
        }
 
        return 0;
@@ -219,8 +935,7 @@ int velocity_verlet(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
        atom=moldyn->atom;
        count=moldyn->count;
        tau=moldyn->tau;
-
-       tau_square=tau*tau;
+       tau_square=moldyn->tau_square;
 
        for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
                /* new positions */
@@ -228,15 +943,18 @@ int velocity_verlet(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
                v3_add(&(atom[i].r),&(atom[i].r),&delta);
                v3_scale(&delta,&(atom[i].f),0.5*tau_square/atom[i].mass);
                v3_add(&(atom[i].r),&(atom[i].r),&delta);
-               v3_per_bound(&(atom[i].r),&(moldyn->dim));
+               check_per_bound(moldyn,&(atom[i].r));
 
                /* velocities */
                v3_scale(&delta,&(atom[i].f),0.5*tau/atom[i].mass);
-               v3_add(&(atom[i].r),&(atom[i].r),&delta);
+               v3_add(&(atom[i].v),&(atom[i].v),&delta);
        }
 
+       /* neighbour list update */
+       link_cell_update(moldyn);
+
        /* forces depending on chosen potential */
-       moldyn->force(moldyn);
+       potential_force_calc(moldyn);
 
        for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
                /* again velocities */
@@ -254,82 +972,857 @@ int velocity_verlet(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
  * 
  */
 
-/* lennard jones potential & force for one sort of atoms */
-double potential_lennard_jones(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+/* generic potential and force calculation */
 
-       t_lj_params *params;
-       t_atom *atom;
-       int i,j;
-       int count;
-       t_3dvec distance;
-       double d,help;
-       double u;
-       double eps,sig6,sig12;
+int potential_force_calc(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       int i,j,k,count;
+       t_atom *itom,*jtom,*ktom;
+       t_linkcell *lc;
+       t_list neighbour_i[27];
+       t_list neighbour_i2[27];
+       t_list *this,*that;
+       u8 bc_ij,bc_ik;
+       int dnlc;
 
-       params=moldyn->pot_params;
-       atom=moldyn->atom;
        count=moldyn->count;
-       eps=params->epsilon;
-       sig6=params->sigma6;
-       sig12=params->sigma12;
+       itom=moldyn->atom;
+       lc=&(moldyn->lc);
 
-       u=0.0;
+       /* reset energy */
+       moldyn->energy=0.0;
+       
+       /* get energy and force of every atom */
        for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
-               for(j=0;j<i;j++) {
-                       v3_sub(&distance,&(atom[j].r),&(atom[i].r));
-                       d=1.0/v3_absolute_square(&distance);    /* 1/r^2 */
-                       help=d*d;                               /* 1/r^4 */
-                       help*=d;                                /* 1/r^6 */
-                       d=help*help;                            /* 1/r^12 */
-                       u+=eps*(sig12*d-sig6*help);
+
+               /* reset force */
+               v3_zero(&(itom[i].f));
+
+               /* reset viral of atom i */
+               v3_zero(&(itom[i].virial));
+
+               /* single particle potential/force */
+               if(itom[i].attr&ATOM_ATTR_1BP)
+                       moldyn->func1b(moldyn,&(itom[i]));
+
+               if(!(itom[i].attr&(ATOM_ATTR_2BP|ATOM_ATTR_3BP)))
+                       continue;
+
+               /* 2 body pair potential/force */
+       
+               link_cell_neighbour_index(moldyn,
+                                         (itom[i].r.x+moldyn->dim.x/2)/lc->x,
+                                         (itom[i].r.y+moldyn->dim.y/2)/lc->y,
+                                         (itom[i].r.z+moldyn->dim.z/2)/lc->z,
+                                         neighbour_i);
+
+               dnlc=lc->dnlc;
+
+               for(j=0;j<27;j++) {
+
+                       this=&(neighbour_i[j]);
+                       list_reset_f(this);
+
+                       if(this->start==NULL)
+                               continue;
+
+                       bc_ij=(j<dnlc)?0:1;
+
+                       do {
+                               jtom=this->current->data;
+
+                               if(jtom==&(itom[i]))
+                                       continue;
+
+                               if((jtom->attr&ATOM_ATTR_2BP)&
+                                  (itom[i].attr&ATOM_ATTR_2BP)) {
+                                       moldyn->func2b(moldyn,
+                                                      &(itom[i]),
+                                                      jtom,
+                                                      bc_ij);
+                               }
+
+                               /* 3 body potential/force */
+
+                               if(!(itom[i].attr&ATOM_ATTR_3BP)||
+                                  !(jtom->attr&ATOM_ATTR_3BP))
+                                       continue;
+
+                               /* copy the neighbour lists */
+                               memcpy(neighbour_i2,neighbour_i,
+                                      27*sizeof(t_list));
+
+                               /* get neighbours of i */
+                               for(k=0;k<27;k++) {
+
+                                       that=&(neighbour_i2[k]);
+                                       list_reset_f(that);
+                                       
+                                       if(that->start==NULL)
+                                               continue;
+
+                                       bc_ik=(k<dnlc)?0:1;
+
+                                       do {
+
+                                               ktom=that->current->data;
+
+                                               if(!(ktom->attr&ATOM_ATTR_3BP))
+                                                       continue;
+
+                                               if(ktom==jtom)
+                                                       continue;
+
+                                               if(ktom==&(itom[i]))
+                                                       continue;
+
+                                               moldyn->func3b(moldyn,
+                                                              &(itom[i]),
+                                                              jtom,
+                                                              ktom,
+                                                              bc_ik|bc_ij);
+
+                                       } while(list_next_f(that)!=\
+                                               L_NO_NEXT_ELEMENT);
+
+                               }
+
+                               /* 2bp post function */
+                               if(moldyn->func2b_post) {
+                                       moldyn->func2b_post(moldyn,
+                                                           &(itom[i]),
+                                                           jtom,bc_ij);
+                               }
+                                       
+                       } while(list_next_f(this)!=L_NO_NEXT_ELEMENT);
+               
                }
+
        }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * periodic boundayr checking
+ */
+
+inline int check_per_bound(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_3dvec *a) {
+       
+       double x,y,z;
+       t_3dvec *dim;
+
+       dim=&(moldyn->dim);
+
+       x=dim->x/2;
+       y=dim->y/2;
+       z=dim->z/2;
+
+       if(moldyn->status&MOLDYN_STAT_PBX) {
+               if(a->x>=x) a->x-=dim->x;
+               else if(-a->x>x) a->x+=dim->x;
+       }
+       if(moldyn->status&MOLDYN_STAT_PBY) {
+               if(a->y>=y) a->y-=dim->y;
+               else if(-a->y>y) a->y+=dim->y;
+       }
+       if(moldyn->status&MOLDYN_STAT_PBZ) {
+               if(a->z>=z) a->z-=dim->z;
+               else if(-a->z>z) a->z+=dim->z;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+        
+
+/*
+ * example potentials
+ */
+
+/* harmonic oscillator potential and force */
+
+int harmonic_oscillator(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_atom *ai,t_atom *aj,u8 bc) {
+
+       t_ho_params *params;
+       t_3dvec force,distance;
+       double d;
+       double sc,equi_dist;
+
+       params=moldyn->pot2b_params;
+       sc=params->spring_constant;
+       equi_dist=params->equilibrium_distance;
+
+       v3_sub(&distance,&(aj->r),&(ai->r));
        
-       return u;
+       if(bc) check_per_bound(moldyn,&distance);
+       d=v3_norm(&distance);
+       if(d<=moldyn->cutoff) {
+               /* energy is 1/2 (d-d0)^2, but we will add this twice ... */
+               moldyn->energy+=(0.25*sc*(d-equi_dist)*(d-equi_dist));
+               /* f = -grad E; grad r_ij = -1 1/r_ij distance */
+               v3_scale(&force,&distance,sc*(1.0-(equi_dist/d)));
+               v3_add(&(ai->f),&(ai->f),&force);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
 }
 
-int force_lennard_jones(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+/* lennard jones potential & force for one sort of atoms */
+int lennard_jones(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_atom *ai,t_atom *aj,u8 bc) {
 
        t_lj_params *params;
-       int i,j,count;
-       t_atom *atom;
-       t_3dvec distance;
-       t_3dvec force;
+       t_3dvec force,distance;
        double d,h1,h2;
        double eps,sig6,sig12;
 
-       atom=moldyn->atom;      
-       count=moldyn->count;
-       params=moldyn->pot_params;
-       eps=params->epsilon;
+       params=moldyn->pot2b_params;
+       eps=params->epsilon4;
        sig6=params->sigma6;
        sig12=params->sigma12;
 
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++) v3_zero(&(atom[i].f));
+       v3_sub(&distance,&(aj->r),&(ai->r));
+       if(bc) check_per_bound(moldyn,&distance);
+       d=v3_absolute_square(&distance);        /* 1/r^2 */
+       if(d<=moldyn->cutoff_square) {
+               d=1.0/d;                        /* 1/r^2 */
+               h2=d*d;                         /* 1/r^4 */
+               h2*=d;                          /* 1/r^6 */
+               h1=h2*h2;                       /* 1/r^12 */
+               /* energy is eps*..., but we will add this twice ... */
+               moldyn->energy+=0.5*eps*(sig12*h1-sig6*h2);
+               h2*=d;                          /* 1/r^8 */
+               h1*=d;                          /* 1/r^14 */
+               h2*=6*sig6;
+               h1*=12*sig12;
+               d=+h1-h2;
+               d*=eps;
+               v3_scale(&force,&distance,-1.0*d); /* f = - grad E */
+               v3_add(&(ai->f),&(ai->f),&force);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
 
-       for(i=0;i<count;i++) {
-               for(j=0;j<i;j++) {
-                       v3_sub(&distance,&(atom[j].r),&(atom[i].r));
-                       v3_per_bound(&distance,&(moldyn->dim));
-                       d=v3_absolute_square(&distance);
-                       if(d<=moldyn->cutoff_square) {
-                               h1=1.0/d;                       /* 1/r^2 */
-                               d=h1*h1;                        /* 1/r^4 */
-                               h2=d*d;                         /* 1/r^8 */
-                               h1*=d;                          /* 1/r^6 */
-                               h1*=h2;                         /* 1/r^14 */
-                               h1*=sig12;
-                               h2*=sig6;
-                               d=-12.0*h1+6.0*h2;
-                               d*=eps;
-                               v3_scale(&force,&distance,d);
-                               v3_add(&(atom[j].f),&(atom[j].f),&force);
-                               v3_sub(&(atom[i].f),&(atom[i].f),&force);
-                       }
+/*
+ * tersoff potential & force for 2 sorts of atoms
+ */
+
+/* create mixed terms from parameters and set them */
+int tersoff_mult_complete_params(t_tersoff_mult_params *p) {
+
+       printf("[moldyn] tersoff parameter completion\n");
+       p->Smixed=sqrt(p->S[0]*p->S[1]);
+       p->Rmixed=sqrt(p->R[0]*p->R[1]);
+       p->Amixed=sqrt(p->A[0]*p->A[1]);
+       p->Bmixed=sqrt(p->B[0]*p->B[1]);
+       p->lambda_m=0.5*(p->lambda[0]+p->lambda[1]);
+       p->mu_m=0.5*(p->mu[0]+p->mu[1]);
+
+       printf("[moldyn] tersoff mult parameter info:\n");
+       printf("  S (A)  | %f | %f | %f\n",p->S[0],p->S[1],p->Smixed);
+       printf("  R (A)  | %f | %f | %f\n",p->R[0],p->R[1],p->Rmixed);
+       printf("  A (eV) | %f | %f | %f\n",p->A[0]/EV,p->A[1]/EV,p->Amixed/EV);
+       printf("  B (eV) | %f | %f | %f\n",p->B[0]/EV,p->B[1]/EV,p->Bmixed/EV);
+       printf("  lambda | %f | %f | %f\n",p->lambda[0],p->lambda[1],
+                                         p->lambda_m);
+       printf("  mu     | %f | %f | %f\n",p->mu[0],p->mu[1],p->mu_m);
+       printf("  beta   | %.10f | %.10f\n",p->beta[0],p->beta[1]);
+       printf("  n      | %f | %f\n",p->n[0],p->n[1]);
+       printf("  c      | %f | %f\n",p->c[0],p->c[1]);
+       printf("  d      | %f | %f\n",p->d[0],p->d[1]);
+       printf("  h      | %f | %f\n",p->h[0],p->h[1]);
+       printf("  chi    | %f \n",p->chi);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* tersoff 1 body part */
+int tersoff_mult_1bp(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_atom *ai) {
+
+       int num;
+       t_tersoff_mult_params *params;
+       t_tersoff_exchange *exchange;
+       
+       num=ai->bnum;
+       params=moldyn->pot1b_params;
+       exchange=&(params->exchange);
+
+       /*
+        * simple: point constant parameters only depending on atom i to
+        *         their right values
+        */
+
+       exchange->beta_i=&(params->beta[num]);
+       exchange->n_i=&(params->n[num]);
+       exchange->c_i=&(params->c[num]);
+       exchange->d_i=&(params->d[num]);
+       exchange->h_i=&(params->h[num]);
+
+       exchange->betaini=pow(*(exchange->beta_i),*(exchange->n_i));
+       exchange->ci2=params->c[num]*params->c[num];
+       exchange->di2=params->d[num]*params->d[num];
+       exchange->ci2di2=exchange->ci2/exchange->di2;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+       
+/* tersoff 2 body part */
+int tersoff_mult_2bp(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_atom *ai,t_atom *aj,u8 bc) {
+
+       t_tersoff_mult_params *params;
+       t_tersoff_exchange *exchange;
+       t_3dvec dist_ij,force;
+       double d_ij;
+       double A,B,R,S,lambda,mu;
+       double f_r,df_r;
+       double f_c,df_c;
+       int num;
+       double s_r;
+       double arg;
+
+       params=moldyn->pot2b_params;
+       num=aj->bnum;
+       exchange=&(params->exchange);
+
+       /* clear 3bp and 2bp post run */
+       exchange->run3bp=0;
+       exchange->run2bp_post=0;
+
+       /* reset S > r > R mark */
+       exchange->d_ij_between_rs=0;
+       
+       /*
+        * calc of 2bp contribution of V_ij and dV_ij/ji
+        *
+        * for Vij and dV_ij we need:
+        * - f_c_ij, df_c_ij
+        * - f_r_ij, df_r_ij
+        *
+        * for dV_ji we need:
+        * - f_c_ji = f_c_ij, df_c_ji = df_c_ij
+        * - f_r_ji = f_r_ij; df_r_ji = df_r_ij
+        *
+        */
+
+       /* dist_ij, d_ij */
+       v3_sub(&dist_ij,&(aj->r),&(ai->r));
+       if(bc) check_per_bound(moldyn,&dist_ij);
+       d_ij=v3_norm(&dist_ij);
+
+       /* save for use in 3bp */
+       exchange->d_ij=d_ij;
+       exchange->dist_ij=dist_ij;
+
+       /* constants */
+       if(num==ai->bnum) {
+               S=params->S[num];
+               R=params->R[num];
+               A=params->A[num];
+               B=params->B[num];
+               lambda=params->lambda[num];
+               mu=params->mu[num];
+               exchange->chi=1.0;
+       }
+       else {
+               S=params->Smixed;
+               R=params->Rmixed;
+               A=params->Amixed;
+               B=params->Bmixed;
+               lambda=params->lambda_m;
+               mu=params->mu_m;
+               params->exchange.chi=params->chi;
+       }
+
+       /* if d_ij > S => no force & potential energy contribution */
+       if(d_ij>S)
+               return 0;
+
+       /* more constants */
+       exchange->beta_j=&(params->beta[num]);
+       exchange->n_j=&(params->n[num]);
+       exchange->c_j=&(params->c[num]);
+       exchange->d_j=&(params->d[num]);
+       exchange->h_j=&(params->h[num]);
+       if(num==ai->bnum) {
+               exchange->betajnj=exchange->betaini;
+               exchange->cj2=exchange->ci2;
+               exchange->dj2=exchange->di2;
+               exchange->cj2dj2=exchange->ci2di2;
+       }
+       else {
+               exchange->betajnj=pow(*(exchange->beta_j),*(exchange->n_j));
+               exchange->cj2=params->c[num]*params->c[num];
+               exchange->dj2=params->d[num]*params->d[num];
+               exchange->cj2dj2=exchange->cj2/exchange->dj2;
+       }
+
+       /* f_r_ij = f_r_ji, df_r_ij = df_r_ji */
+       f_r=A*exp(-lambda*d_ij);
+       df_r=lambda*f_r/d_ij;
+
+       /* f_a, df_a calc (again, same for ij and ji) | save for later use! */
+       exchange->f_a=-B*exp(-mu*d_ij);
+       exchange->df_a=mu*exchange->f_a/d_ij;
+
+       /* f_c, df_c calc (again, same for ij and ji) */
+       if(d_ij<R) {
+               /* f_c = 1, df_c = 0 */
+               f_c=1.0;
+               df_c=0.0;
+               /* two body contribution (ij, ji) */
+               v3_scale(&force,&dist_ij,-df_r);
+       }
+       else {
+               s_r=S-R;
+               arg=M_PI*(d_ij-R)/s_r;
+               f_c=0.5+0.5*cos(arg);
+               //df_c=-0.5*sin(arg)*(M_PI/(s_r*d_ij)); /* MARK! */
+               df_c=0.5*sin(arg)*(M_PI/(s_r*d_ij));
+               /* two body contribution (ij, ji) */
+               v3_scale(&force,&dist_ij,-df_c*f_r-df_r*f_c);
+               /* tell 3bp that S > r > R */
+               exchange->d_ij_between_rs=1;
+       }
+
+       /* add forces of 2bp (ij, ji) contribution
+        * dVij = dVji and we sum up both: no 1/2) */
+       v3_add(&(ai->f),&(ai->f),&force);
+
+       /* energy 2bp contribution (ij, ji) is 0.5 f_r f_c ... */
+       moldyn->energy+=(0.5*f_r*f_c);
+
+       /* save for use in 3bp */
+       exchange->f_c=f_c;
+       exchange->df_c=df_c;
+
+       /* enable the run of 3bp function and 2bp post processing */
+       exchange->run3bp=1;
+       exchange->run2bp_post=1;
+
+       /* reset 3bp sums */
+       exchange->zeta_ij=0.0;
+       exchange->zeta_ji=0.0;
+       v3_zero(&(exchange->dzeta_ij));
+       v3_zero(&(exchange->dzeta_ji));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* tersoff 2 body post part */
+
+int tersoff_mult_post_2bp(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_atom *ai,t_atom *aj,u8 bc) {
+
+       /*
+        * here we have to allow for the 3bp sums
+        *
+        * that is:
+        * - zeta_ij, dzeta_ij
+        * - zeta_ji, dzeta_ji
+        *
+        * to compute the 3bp contribution to:
+        * - Vij, dVij
+        * - dVji
+        *
+        */
+
+       t_tersoff_mult_params *params;
+       t_tersoff_exchange *exchange;
+
+       t_3dvec force,temp;
+       t_3dvec *dist_ij;
+       double b,db,tmp;
+       double f_c,df_c,f_a,df_a;
+       double chi,ni,betaini,nj,betajnj;
+       double zeta;
+
+       params=moldyn->pot2b_params;
+       exchange=&(params->exchange);
+
+       /* we do not run if f_c_ij was detected to be 0! */
+       if(!(exchange->run2bp_post))
+               return 0;
+
+       f_c=exchange->f_c;
+       df_c=exchange->df_c;
+       f_a=exchange->f_a;
+       df_a=exchange->df_a;
+       betaini=exchange->betaini;
+       betajnj=exchange->betajnj;
+       ni=*(exchange->n_i);
+       nj=*(exchange->n_j);
+       chi=exchange->chi;
+       dist_ij=&(exchange->dist_ij);
+       
+       /* Vij and dVij */
+       zeta=exchange->zeta_ij;
+       if(zeta==0.0) {
+               moldyn->debug++;                /* just for debugging ... */
+               db=0.0;
+               b=chi;
+               v3_scale(&force,dist_ij,df_a*b*f_c);
+       }
+       else {
+               tmp=betaini*pow(zeta,ni-1.0);           /* beta^n * zeta^n-1 */
+               b=(1+zeta*tmp);                         /* 1 + beta^n zeta^n */
+               db=chi*pow(b,-1.0/(2*ni)-1);            /* x(...)^(-1/2n - 1) */
+               b=db*b;                                 /* b_ij */
+               db*=-0.5*tmp;                           /* db_ij */
+               v3_scale(&force,&(exchange->dzeta_ij),f_a*db);
+               v3_scale(&temp,dist_ij,df_a*b);
+               v3_add(&force,&force,&temp);
+               v3_scale(&force,&force,f_c);
+       }
+       v3_scale(&temp,dist_ij,df_c*b*f_a);
+       v3_add(&force,&force,&temp);
+       v3_scale(&force,&force,-0.5);
+
+       /* add force */
+       v3_add(&(ai->f),&(ai->f),&force);
+
+       /* add energy of 3bp sum */
+       moldyn->energy+=(0.5*f_c*b*f_a);
+
+       /* dVji */
+       zeta=exchange->zeta_ji;
+       if(zeta==0.0) {
+               moldyn->debug++;
+               b=chi;
+               v3_scale(&force,dist_ij,df_a*b*f_c);
+       }
+       else {
+               tmp=betajnj*pow(zeta,nj-1.0);           /* beta^n * zeta^n-1 */
+               b=(1+zeta*tmp);                         /* 1 + beta^n zeta^n */
+               db=chi*pow(b,-1.0/(2*nj)-1);            /* x(...)^(-1/2n - 1) */
+               b=db*b;                                 /* b_ij */
+               db*=-0.5*tmp;                           /* db_ij */
+               v3_scale(&force,&(exchange->dzeta_ji),f_a*db);
+               v3_scale(&temp,dist_ij,df_a*b);
+               v3_add(&force,&force,&temp);
+               v3_scale(&force,&force,f_c);
+       }
+       v3_scale(&temp,dist_ij,df_c*b*f_a);
+       v3_add(&force,&force,&temp);
+       v3_scale(&force,&force,-0.5);
+
+       /* add force */
+       v3_add(&(ai->f),&(ai->f),&force);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* tersoff 3 body part */
+
+int tersoff_mult_3bp(t_moldyn *moldyn,t_atom *ai,t_atom *aj,t_atom *ak,u8 bc) {
+
+       t_tersoff_mult_params *params;
+       t_tersoff_exchange *exchange;
+       t_3dvec dist_ij,dist_ik,dist_jk;
+       t_3dvec temp1,temp2;
+       t_3dvec *dzeta;
+       double R,S,s_r;
+       double B,mu;
+       double d_ij,d_ik,d_jk;
+       double rr,dd;
+       double f_c,df_c;
+       double f_c_ik,df_c_ik,arg;
+       double f_c_jk;
+       double n,c,d,h;
+       double c2,d2,c2d2;
+       double cos_theta,d_costheta1,d_costheta2;
+       double h_cos,d2_h_cos2;
+       double frac,g,zeta,chi;
+       double tmp;
+       int num;
+
+       params=moldyn->pot3b_params;
+       exchange=&(params->exchange);
+
+       if(!(exchange->run3bp))
+               return 0;
+
+       /*
+        * calc of 3bp contribution of V_ij and dV_ij/ji/jk &
+        * 2bp contribution of dV_jk
+        *
+        * for Vij and dV_ij we still need:
+        * - b_ij, db_ij (zeta_ij)
+        *   - f_c_ik, df_c_ik, constants_i, cos_theta_ijk, d_costheta_ijk
+        *
+        * for dV_ji we still need:
+        * - b_ji, db_ji (zeta_ji)
+        *   - f_c_jk, d_c_jk, constants_j, cos_theta_jik, d_costheta_jik
+        *
+        * for dV_jk we need:
+        * - f_c_jk
+        * - f_a_jk
+        * - db_jk (zeta_jk)
+        *   - f_c_ji, df_c_ji, constants_j, cos_theta_jki, d_costheta_jki
+        *
+        */
+
+       /*
+        * get exchange data 
+        */
+
+       /* dist_ij, d_ij - this is < S_ij ! */
+       dist_ij=exchange->dist_ij;
+       d_ij=exchange->d_ij;
+
+       /* f_c_ij, df_c_ij (same for ji) */
+       f_c=exchange->f_c;
+       df_c=exchange->df_c;
+
+       /*
+        * calculate unknown values now ...
+        */
+
+       /* V_ij and dV_ij stuff (in b_ij there is f_c_ik) */
+
+       /* dist_ik, d_ik */
+       v3_sub(&dist_ik,&(ak->r),&(ai->r));
+       if(bc) check_per_bound(moldyn,&dist_ik);
+       d_ik=v3_norm(&dist_ik);
+
+       /* ik constants */
+       num=ai->bnum;
+       if(num==ak->bnum) {
+               R=params->R[num];
+               S=params->S[num];
+       }
+       else {
+               R=params->Rmixed;
+               S=params->Smixed;
+       }
+
+       /* zeta_ij/dzeta_ij contribution only for d_ik < S */
+       if(d_ik<S) {
+
+               /* get constants_i from exchange data */
+               n=*(exchange->n_i);
+               c=*(exchange->c_i);
+               d=*(exchange->d_i);
+               h=*(exchange->h_i);
+               c2=exchange->ci2;
+               d2=exchange->di2;
+               c2d2=exchange->ci2di2;
+
+               /* cosine of theta_ijk by scalaproduct */
+               rr=v3_scalar_product(&dist_ij,&dist_ik);
+               dd=d_ij*d_ik;
+               cos_theta=rr/dd;
+
+               /* d_costheta */
+               tmp=1.0/dd;
+               d_costheta1=cos_theta/(d_ij*d_ij)-tmp;
+               d_costheta2=cos_theta/(d_ik*d_ik)-tmp;
+
+               /* some usefull values */
+               h_cos=(h-cos_theta);
+               d2_h_cos2=d2+(h_cos*h_cos);
+               frac=c2/(d2_h_cos2);
+
+               /* g(cos_theta) */
+               g=1.0+c2d2-frac;
+
+               /* d_costheta_ij and dg(cos_theta) - needed in any case! */
+               v3_scale(&temp1,&dist_ij,d_costheta1);
+               v3_scale(&temp2,&dist_ik,d_costheta2);
+               v3_add(&temp1,&temp1,&temp2);
+               v3_scale(&temp1,&temp1,-2.0*frac*h_cos/d2_h_cos2); /* dg */
+
+               /* f_c_ik & df_c_ik + {d,}zeta contribution */
+               dzeta=&(exchange->dzeta_ij);
+               if(d_ik<R) {
+                       /* {d,}f_c_ik */
+                       // => f_c_ik=1.0;
+                       // => df_c_ik=0.0; of course we do not set this!
+
+                       /* zeta_ij */
+                       exchange->zeta_ij+=g;
+
+                       /* dzeta_ij */
+                       v3_add(dzeta,dzeta,&temp1);
+               }
+               else {
+                       /* {d,}f_c_ik */
+                       s_r=S-R;
+                       arg=M_PI*(d_ik-R)/s_r;
+                       f_c_ik=0.5+0.5*cos(arg);
+                       //df_c_ik=-0.5*sin(arg)*(M_PI/(s_r*d_ik)); /* MARK */
+                       df_c_ik=0.5*sin(arg)*(M_PI/(s_r*d_ik));
+
+                       /* zeta_ij */
+                       exchange->zeta_ij+=f_c_ik*g;
+
+                       /* dzeta_ij */
+                       v3_scale(&temp1,&temp1,f_c_ik);
+                       v3_scale(&temp2,&dist_ik,g*df_c_ik);
+                       v3_add(&temp1,&temp1,&temp2);
+                       v3_add(dzeta,dzeta,&temp1);
                }
        }
 
+       /* dV_ji stuff (in b_ji there is f_c_jk) + dV_jk stuff! */
+
+       /* dist_jk, d_jk */
+       v3_sub(&dist_jk,&(ak->r),&(aj->r));
+       if(bc) check_per_bound(moldyn,&dist_jk);
+       d_jk=v3_norm(&dist_jk);
+
+       /* jk constants */
+       num=aj->bnum;
+       if(num==ak->bnum) {
+               R=params->R[num];
+               S=params->S[num];
+               B=params->B[num];
+               mu=params->mu[num];
+               chi=1.0;
+       }
+       else {
+               R=params->Rmixed;
+               S=params->Smixed;
+               B=params->Bmixed;
+               mu=params->mu_m;
+               chi=params->chi;
+       }
+
+       /* zeta_ji/dzeta_ji contribution only for d_jk < S_jk */
+       if(d_jk<S) {
+
+               /* constants_j from exchange data */
+               n=*(exchange->n_j);
+               c=*(exchange->c_j);
+               d=*(exchange->d_j);
+               h=*(exchange->h_j);
+               c2=exchange->cj2;
+               d2=exchange->dj2;
+               c2d2=exchange->cj2dj2;
+
+               /* cosine of theta_jik by scalaproduct */
+               rr=-v3_scalar_product(&dist_ij,&dist_jk); /* -1, as ij -> ji */
+               dd=d_ij*d_jk;
+               cos_theta=rr/dd;
+
+               /* d_costheta */
+               d_costheta1=1.0/dd;
+               d_costheta2=cos_theta/(d_ij*d_ij);
+
+               /* some usefull values */
+               h_cos=(h-cos_theta);
+               d2_h_cos2=d2+(h_cos*h_cos);
+               frac=c2/(d2_h_cos2);
+
+               /* g(cos_theta) */
+               g=1.0+c2d2-frac;
+
+               /* d_costheta_ij and dg(cos_theta) - needed in any case! */
+               v3_scale(&temp1,&dist_jk,d_costheta1);
+               v3_scale(&temp2,&dist_ij,-d_costheta2); /* ji -> ij => -1 */
+               v3_add(&temp1,&temp1,&temp2);
+               v3_scale(&temp1,&temp1,-2.0*frac*h_cos/d2_h_cos2); /* dg */
+
+               /* store dg in temp2 and use it for dVjk later */
+               v3_copy(&temp2,&temp1);
+
+               /* f_c_jk + {d,}zeta contribution (df_c_jk = 0) */
+               dzeta=&(exchange->dzeta_ji);
+               if(d_jk<R) {
+                       /* f_c_jk */
+                       f_c_jk=1.0;
+
+                       /* zeta_ji */
+                       exchange->zeta_ji+=g;
+
+                       /* dzeta_ji */
+                       v3_add(dzeta,dzeta,&temp1);
+               }
+               else {
+                       /* f_c_jk */
+                       s_r=S-R;
+                       arg=M_PI*(d_jk-R)/s_r;
+                       f_c_jk=0.5+0.5*cos(arg);
+
+                       /* zeta_ji */
+                       exchange->zeta_ji+=f_c_jk*g;
+
+                       /* dzeta_ji */
+                       v3_scale(&temp1,&temp1,f_c_jk);
+                       v3_add(dzeta,dzeta,&temp1);
+               }
+
+               /* dV_jk stuff | add force contribution on atom i immediately */
+               if(exchange->d_ij_between_rs) {
+                       zeta=f_c*g;
+                       v3_scale(&temp1,&temp2,f_c);
+                       v3_scale(&temp2,&dist_ij,df_c*g);
+                       v3_add(&temp2,&temp2,&temp1); /* -> dzeta_jk in temp2 */
+               }
+               else {
+                       zeta=g;
+                       // dzeta_jk is simply dg, which is stored in temp2
+               }
+               /* betajnj * zeta_jk ^ nj-1 */
+               tmp=exchange->betajnj*pow(zeta,(n-1.0));
+               tmp=-chi/2.0*pow((1+tmp*zeta),(-1.0/(2.0*n)-1))*tmp;
+               v3_scale(&temp2,&temp2,tmp*B*exp(-mu*d_jk)*f_c_jk*0.5);
+               v3_add(&(ai->f),&(ai->f),&temp2); /* -1 skipped in f_a calc ^ */
+                                                 /* scaled with 0.5 ^ */
+
+       }
+
        return 0;
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * debugging / critical check functions
+ */
+
+int moldyn_bc_check(t_moldyn *moldyn) {
+
+       t_atom *atom;
+       t_3dvec *dim;
+       int i;
+double x;
+u8 byte;
+int j,k;
+
+       atom=moldyn->atom;
+       dim=&(moldyn->dim);
+x=dim->x/2;
+
+       for(i=0;i<moldyn->count;i++) {
+               if(atom[i].r.x>=dim->x/2||-atom[i].r.x>dim->x/2) {
+                       printf("FATAL: atom %d: x: %.20f (%.20f)\n",
+                              i,atom[i].r.x,dim->x/2);
+                       printf("diagnostic:\n");
+                       printf("-----------\natom.r.x:\n");
+                       for(j=0;j<8;j++) {
+                               memcpy(&byte,(u8 *)(&(atom[i].r.x))+j,1);
+                               for(k=0;k<8;k++)
+                                       printf("%d%c",
+                                       ((byte)&(1<<k))?1:0,
+                                       (k==7)?'\n':'|');
+                       }
+                       printf("---------------\nx=dim.x/2:\n");
+                       for(j=0;j<8;j++) {
+                               memcpy(&byte,(u8 *)(&x)+j,1);
+                               for(k=0;k<8;k++)
+                                       printf("%d%c",
+                                       ((byte)&(1<<k))?1:0,
+                                       (k==7)?'\n':'|');
+                       }
+                       if(atom[i].r.x==x) printf("the same!\n");
+                       else printf("different!\n");
+               }
+               if(atom[i].r.y>=dim->y/2||-atom[i].r.y>dim->y/2)
+                       printf("FATAL: atom %d: y: %.20f (%.20f)\n",
+                              i,atom[i].r.y,dim->y/2);
+               if(atom[i].r.z>=dim->z/2||-atom[i].r.z>dim->z/2)
+                       printf("FATAL: atom %d: z: %.20f (%.20f)\n",
+                              i,atom[i].r.z,dim->z/2);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}